Notes with worthy tutorials
Diamond Diamond is an allotrope of carbon. Due to difference in bonding in its structure, it looks quite different from the other allotropes. Each carbon atom of diamond is sp3 hybridized. The four sp3 orbital arrange themselves in the four corners of a tetrahedron. Each orbital forms a bond with an orbital of another carbon … Read more
Some compounds like hydrogen fluorides, ethanoic acids, benzoic acid form dimmers or trimmers by joining up of their two or three molecules by H-bonding. Sometime, due to the formation of these dimmers or trimmers the molecular weight of these compounds appears to be doubled or tripled. That is, ethanoic acid has molecular weight of 60, … Read more
Atomic spectra: When a ray of light is passed through a glass prism, it is dispersed into a band of seven colors. This is called a spectrum. When a gas or vapor is heated to a high temperature or subjected to electric discharge, it emits light of all wavelengths. This light, if passed through a … Read more
An operating system is an intermediary program between computer user and the computer hardware. This computer user can also be just another software running on the operating system or another computer or device. So basically, operating systems are computer programs that let other computer programs or humans communicate with the hardware of the computers.
Histogram: The histogram plots the number of pixels in the image (vertical axis) with a particular brightness value (horizontal axis). Considering the following graph, Here the vertical axis is showing the no of pixels and horizontal axis is showing the grey-levels of the image. From this histogram of that image it is found that the … Read more
High Pass Filter: Considering the grey-scale values of a part of an image as below, Here, we have taken 9 grey scale values. It is seen that the 5th value is very different than the other 8 values, that is a big change is occurring at that point due to the big change of the … Read more
Median Filter: Median filter, as the name implies, replaces the center value of a mask with the median of all the values of the mask. Simply taking some grey-scale values of an image and taking a 3×3 mask. Now we have 9 values and the 5th value is the median. Thus, the center value of … Read more
Von Neumann Architecture: In 1947, John Von Neumann developed an architecture of a new stored-programmed electronic computer which is also referred as the IAS computer as the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton. Key concepts of that design are as follows. Stored program concept. Data and instructions are stored in a single read-write memory. Arithmetic … Read more