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What is Software Specification Activity? Describe the four main phases of software specification activity?

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Software Specification:

Software specification or requirements engineering is one of the four activities of software process. In software specification, the task is to identifying and defining the services to be provided from the system and what are the constraints in the operations of the system and in the development of the system. This stage, among the four activities of software process, is critical enough as this is the first stage of the process and defines the whole system. Missing or misunderstanding requirements, leaving gaps or errors will ultimately cause higher development cost, time and rework.  

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Describe the Waterfall Software Process Model with Advantages and Disadvantages

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Waterfall Software Process Model:

Waterfall model software process model was derived from general system engineering process and it is so called as the stages go top to bottom and while one stage of the process is complete it moves to the next stage and not supposed to come back to any previous stage. Shortly, the operation enters an stage if and only if the previous stage, if any, completes. However, in practice, things doesn’t happen this way.

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