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June 2011

Define port? Differentiate fixed port addressing and variable port addressing.

          Port : A port is an adapter which enables a system to communicate with its input/output devices. Using port user can connect I/O devices and use them. There various types of port such as parallel port, serial port etc.             Differences Between Fixed Port and Variable Port Addressing : Fixed Port …

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Write about hamming technique of error detection and correction in the case of a 4-bit data.

Hamming Technique (7,4) : In this case, we will have 4 bits of data and we will add 3 bits of redundant with the data by calculating the 4-bit data. For example, taking a 4-bit data as, The encoder will encode the data as follows , Thus the decoder will receive, 0 1 1 0 …

Write about hamming technique of error detection and correction in the case of a 4-bit data. Read More »

Write about a way to detect error./a single bit error/Write about parity check method.

Error Detection or Parity Check Method : A general way to detect errors is to append a special bit to every word. One popular technique employs a single check bit called parity bit. The parity bit is append to an n-bit word X = x0, x1,….., xn-1  to form the (n+1)-bit word X* = x0, x1,….., …

Write about a way to detect error./a single bit error/Write about parity check method. Read More »

What is error? Define error detection and correction.

Error: Various factors like manufacturing defects to environmental effects cause errors in computation. Such errors frequently appear when information is being transmitted between two relatively distant points within a computer or is being stored a memory unit. Shortly, error is missing of bit or bits in data due to change and various effects. Error Detection: …

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Compare among different types of memory devices in terms of performance and costs

Comparing Different Types of Memory Devices in Terms of Cost & Performance: The best way to measure the cost of a memory device is the purchase price of a complete unit of its. Let C be the price in dollars of a complete memory system with S bits of storage capacity. The cost c of …

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Explain the conceptual organization of multilevel memory system in a computer system.

Organization of Multilevel Memory System: A CPU should have rapid, uninterrupted access to its external memories to operate at or near at its maximum speed. But memories that operate at speed near to that of CPU are expensive. That’s why different level of memories is used in terms of performance and costs. Below is the …

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Describe the Von Neumann Architecture or IAS architecture.

Von Neumann Architecture:  In 1947, John Von Neumann developed an architecture of a new stored-programmed electronic computer which is also referred as the IAS computer as the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton. Key concepts of that design are as follows. Stored program concept. Data and instructions are stored in a single read-write memory. Arithmetic …

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Draw the expanded structure of the Von Neumann Architecture or IAS computer.

Expanded Structure of Von Neumann Architecture The expanded structure of the Von Neumann Architecture or the IAS computer is given below, Legends of the above given figure are given below, MBR (Memory Buffer Register): MBR is a two-way register that holds the data fetched from memory and ready for the CPU to process or the data waiting …

Draw the expanded structure of the Von Neumann Architecture or IAS computer. Read More »

Describe the Working Principles of Intel 8086 microprocessor.

Working Principles of Intel 8086 Microprocessor Execution of instructions can be used to explain the working principles of the microprocessor. This is given below, The BIU outputs the contents of the instruction pointer register (IP) onto the address bus, causing the selected byte or word to be read into the BIU. Register IP is incremented by …

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What are the Purposes of Flag Registers of 8086 Processor

Flag Registers of 8086 Processor:  Intel 8086 has 16 flag registers among which 9 are active. The purposes of the FLAG registers are to indicate the various statuses of the processor. It is done by setting the individual bits called flags. There are two kinds of FLAGS; Status FLAG and Control FLAG. Status FLAG reflect …

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